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S. 996
U.S. Senate•In Senate Committee
Summary
S. 996, the Preserving Choice in Vehicle Purchases Act of 2025, was introduced in the Senate on Mar 12, 2025 by Sen. Markwayne Mullin (R) with 20 co-sponsors. It was referred to Environment And Public Works, and last saw action on Mar 12, 2025: Read twice and referred to the Committee on Environment and Public Works.
Record
Text
S. 996 has 20 co-sponsors.
sb996/introduced-in-senate.txt119 S996 IS: Preserving Choice in Vehicle Purchases Act of 2025U.S. Senate2025-03-12text/xmlENPursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.II 119th CONGRESS 1st Session S. 996 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES March 12, 2025 Mr. Mullin (for himself, Mrs. Capito , Mr. Barrasso , Mr. Wicker , Mr. Cruz , Mr. Cassidy , Mr. Lee , Mr. Crapo , Mr. Sullivan , Mr. Budd , Mr. Ricketts , Mr. Marshall , Mr. Daines , Mr. Hoeven , Mr. Cramer , Ms. Lummis , Mrs. Britt , Mr. Risch , Mr. Justice , and Mr. Scott of Florida ) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Environment and Public Works A BILLTo amend the Clean Air Act to prevent the elimination of the sale of motor vehicles with internal combustion engines, and for other purposes.1.Short titleThis Act may be cited as the Preserving Choice in Vehicle Purchases Act of 2025 .2.State standards(a)AmendmentsSection 209(b) of the Clean Air Act ( 42 U.S.C. 7543(b) ) is amended—(1)in paragraph (1)—(A)in subparagraph (A), by striking the comma at the end and inserting a semicolon;(B)in subparagraph (B), by striking , or at the end and inserting a semicolon;(C)in subparagraph (C), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; or ; and(D)by adding at the end the following:(D)the State standards directly or indirectly limit the sale or use of new motor vehicles with internal combustion engines (as defined in section 63.9375 of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on January 1, 2023)).; and(2)by adding at the end the following:(4)Scope of waiversThe Administrator may not determine that any State standard amended after the date of enactment of this paragraph is within the scope of a waiver granted under paragraph (1) before that date of enactment..(b)Effect on certain existing waiversThe Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency shall revoke a waiver that was granted under section 209(b) of the Clean Air Act ( 42 U.S.C. 7543(b) ) during the period that begins on January 1, 2022, and ends on the date of enactment of this Act if the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency finds that the waiver does not comply with subparagraph (D) of paragraph (1) of that section (as amended by subsection (a)(1)(D)).
Tracker
The tracker indicates the progress of this legislation as it moves through the legislative process.
- Introduced2025-03-12
- Passed Senate
- Passed House
- Conference
- To President
- Became Law
CRS Summary
The summaries are the Congressional Research Service’s, one per stage. Read them in full.
Introduced in Senate Mar 12, 2025
sb996/introduced-in-senate.mdShown Here:
Introduced in Senate (03/12/2025)
Sponsors
Sen. Markwayne Mullin (R) sponsors S. 996, and 20 members have co-sponsored it, 19 of them from the day it was introduced.

Sen. · R–OK · Sponsor
Introduced Mar 12, 2025

Sen. · R–WY · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 12, 2025 · Original

Sen. · R–AL · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 12, 2025 · Original

Sen. · R–NC · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 12, 2025 · Original

Sen. · R–WV · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 12, 2025 · Original

Sen. · R–LA · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 12, 2025 · Original

Sen. · R–ND · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 12, 2025 · Original

Sen. · R–ID · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 12, 2025 · Original

Sen. · R–TX · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 12, 2025 · Original

Sen. · R–MT · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 12, 2025 · Original
Committees
S. 996 went before 1 committee: Environment and Public Works.
Actions
S. 996 has taken 2 actions since Mar 12, 2025.
| Chamber | Action | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar 12, 2025 | Senate | Read twice and referred to the Committee on Environment and Public Works.Environment and Public Works Committee | ||
Mar 12, 2025 | — | Introduced in Senate |
Votes
S. 996 has not gone to a roll call.
Titles
S. 996 goes by 3 titles, 1 of them short titles.
- Preserving Choice in Vehicle Purchases Act of 2025 — Display Title
- Preserving Choice in Vehicle Purchases Act of 2025 — Short Title(s) as Introduced
- A bill to amend the Clean Air Act to prevent the elimination of the sale of motor vehicles with internal combustion engines, and for other purposes. — Official Title as Introduced
Lobbying
7 clients hired 7 firms and 42 registered lobbyists who named S. 996 in 33 quarterly filings, 2025 to 2026. Reported under the Lobbying Disclosure Act; a filing’s income covers everything its registrant worked that quarter, so the amounts below are the filings’, not this bill’s.
Filed under Taxation/Internal Revenue Code, Transportation, Trade (domestic/foreign), Trucking/Shipping, Budget/Appropriations, Labor Issues/Antitrust/Workplace, Government Issues, Environment/Superfund.
Clients
Who paid to be heard, by how many filings named the bill.
| Client | Business | State | Firms | Filings | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AMERICAN TRUCKING ASSOCIATIONS | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 6 | — |
| KOCH GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, LLC | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 6 | — |
| OWNER-OPERATOR INDEPENDENT DRIVERS ASSOCIATION | — | Missouri | 1 | 6 | — |
| NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SMALL TRUCKING COMPANIES | Trade association | Tennessee | 1 | 5 | $115K |
| NATIONAL AUTOMOBILE DEALERS ASSOCIATION | — | Virginia | 1 | 4 | — |
| AMERICAN FUEL & PETROCHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 3 | — |
| PHILLIPS 66 | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 3 | — |
Firms
Registrants who filed on the bill, by filings.
| Registrant | Clients | Filings | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|
| AMERICAN TRUCKING ASSOCIATIONS | 1 | 6 | — |
| KOCH GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, LLC | 1 | 6 | — |
| OWNER-OPERATOR INDEPENDENT DRIVERS ASSOCIATION | 1 | 6 | — |
| ELITE STRATEGIC SERVICES | 1 | 5 | $115K |
| NATIONAL AUTOMOBILE DEALERS ASSOCIATION | 1 | 4 | — |
| AMERICAN FUEL & PETROCHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS | 1 | 3 | — |
| PHILLIPS 66 | 1 | 3 | — |
Lobbyists
Named on the filings that cite the bill. The 20 named most often, of 42.
| Lobbyist | Firms | Clients | Filings |
|---|---|---|---|
| ALEXANDRA ROSEN | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| BRIAN HENNEBERRY | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| BRYCE MONGEON | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| CATHERINE HAGGETT | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| COLLIN LONG | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| DANIEL HILTON | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| DARRIN ROTH | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| DOUGLAS MORRIS | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| HENRY HANSCOM | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| JASON LAWRENCE | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| JAY GRIMES | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| JONATHAN EISEN | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| JULIA CONVERTINI | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| MIKE MATOUSEK | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| NATHAN MEHRENS | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| SEAN GARCIA | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| WILLIAM SEHESTEDT | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| JAMES EDWARDS | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| JANEY GREEN | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| JORDAN AUSTIN | 1 | 1 | 5 |
Filings
The documents themselves, on the Senate’s Lobbying Disclosure site, largest reported first.
| Client | Registrant | Period | Reported | Document |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KOCH GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, LLC | KOCH GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, LLC | 2026 first_quarter | $3.1M | 1st Quarter - Report |
| KOCH GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, LLC | KOCH GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, LLC | 2025 first_quarter | $2.8M | 1st Quarter - Report |
| KOCH GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, LLC | KOCH GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, LLC | 2026 second_quarter | $2.8M | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| KOCH GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, LLC | KOCH GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, LLC | 2025 third_quarter | $2.3M | 3rd Quarter - Report |
| KOCH GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, LLC | KOCH GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, LLC | 2025 second_quarter | $2.3M | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| KOCH GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, LLC | KOCH GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, LLC | 2025 fourth_quarter | $1.9M | 4th Quarter - Report |
| AMERICAN FUEL & PETROCHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS | AMERICAN FUEL & PETROCHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS | 2025 first_quarter | $1.8M | 1st Quarter - Report |
| PHILLIPS 66 | PHILLIPS 66 | 2025 first_quarter | $1.7M | 1st Quarter - Report |
| AMERICAN FUEL & PETROCHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS | AMERICAN FUEL & PETROCHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS | 2025 third_quarter | $1.7M | 3rd Quarter - Report |
| NATIONAL AUTOMOBILE DEALERS ASSOCIATION | NATIONAL AUTOMOBILE DEALERS ASSOCIATION | 2025 third_quarter | $1.6M | 3rd Quarter - Report |
| NATIONAL AUTOMOBILE DEALERS ASSOCIATION | NATIONAL AUTOMOBILE DEALERS ASSOCIATION | 2025 fourth_quarter | $1.4M | 4th Quarter - Report |
| NATIONAL AUTOMOBILE DEALERS ASSOCIATION | NATIONAL AUTOMOBILE DEALERS ASSOCIATION | 2025 second_quarter | $1.3M | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| PHILLIPS 66 | PHILLIPS 66 | 2025 second_quarter | $1.2M | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| PHILLIPS 66 | PHILLIPS 66 | 2025 third_quarter | $1.2M | 3rd Quarter - Report |
| NATIONAL AUTOMOBILE DEALERS ASSOCIATION | NATIONAL AUTOMOBILE DEALERS ASSOCIATION | 2025 first_quarter | $1.1M | 1st Quarter - Report |
| AMERICAN FUEL & PETROCHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS | AMERICAN FUEL & PETROCHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS | 2025 second_quarter | $1.1M | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| AMERICAN TRUCKING ASSOCIATIONS | AMERICAN TRUCKING ASSOCIATIONS | 2025 second_quarter | $740K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| AMERICAN TRUCKING ASSOCIATIONS | AMERICAN TRUCKING ASSOCIATIONS | 2026 second_quarter | $720K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| AMERICAN TRUCKING ASSOCIATIONS | AMERICAN TRUCKING ASSOCIATIONS | 2025 first_quarter | $720K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| AMERICAN TRUCKING ASSOCIATIONS | AMERICAN TRUCKING ASSOCIATIONS | 2026 first_quarter | $620K | 1st Quarter - Report |
Classification
The Congressional Research Service files S. 996 under Environmental Protection, one of its 31 policy areas.
CRS Subjects
CRS assigns every bill one policy area from its 31; S. 996’s is Environmental Protection.
s996/policy-areas.txtSource: congress.gov · legiscan.com