- H.R. 10171August 27, 2026
- H.R. 10156August 27, 2026
- H.R. 10172August 27, 2026
- H.R. 10160August 27, 2026
- H.R. 10181August 27, 2026
- H.R. 10176August 27, 2026
- H.Res. 1496August 27, 2026
- H.R. 10164August 27, 2026
- H.R. 10170August 27, 2026
- H.Res. 1494August 27, 2026
- H.R. 10163August 27, 2026
- H.R. 10157August 27, 2026
- Administration
- Agriculture
- Agriculture, Nutrition, And Forestry
- Appropriations
- Armed Services
- Banking, Housing, And Urban Affairs
- Budget
- Commerce, Science, And Transportation
- Education and Workforce
- Energy And Commerce
- Energy And Natural Resources
- Environment And Public Works
- Ethics
- Finance
- Financial Services
- Foreign Affairs
- Foreign Relations
- Health, Education, Labor, And Pensions
- Homeland Security
- Homeland Security And Governmental Affa…
- Indian Affairs
- Indian and Insular Affairs
- Intelligence
- Judiciary
- Natural Resources
- Oversight And Government Reform
- Permanent Select Intelligence
- Rules
- Rules And Administration
- Science, Space, And Technology
- Select Intelligence
- Small Business
- Small Business And Entrepreneurship
- Subcommittee on Aviation
- Subcommittee on Border Security and Enf…
- Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritim…
- Subcommittee on Commodity Markets, Digi…
- Subcommittee on Conservation, Research,…
- Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and In…
- Subcommittee on Cybersecurity and Infra…
- Subcommittee on Disability Assistance a…
- Subcommittee on Economic Development, P…
- Subcommittee on Economic Opportunity
- Subcommittee on Emergency Management an…
- Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Reso…
- Subcommittee on Federal Lands
- Subcommittee on Forestry and Horticultu…
- Subcommittee on General Farm Commoditie…
- Subcommittee on Health
- Subcommittee on Highways and Transit
- Subcommittee on Livestock, Dairy, and P…
- Subcommittee on Nutrition and Foreign A…
- Subcommittee on Oversight and Investiga…
- Subcommittee on Oversight, Investigatio…
- Subcommittee on Railroads, Pipelines, a…
- Subcommittee on Transportation and Mari…
- Subcommittee on Water Resources and Env…
- Subcommittee on Water, Wildlife and Fis…
- Transportation And Infrastructure
- Veterans' Affairs
- Ways And Means

S. 98
U.S. Senate•Passed
Summary
S. 98, the Rural Broadband Protection Act of 2025, was introduced in the Senate on Jan 15, 2025 by Sen. Shelley Capito (R) with 4 co-sponsors. It last saw action on May 11, 2026: Became Public Law No: 119-89. It is now Public Law 119-89.
Record
Text
S. 98 has 4 co-sponsors.
sb98/enrolled.txtS98 ENR: Rural Broadband Protection Act of 2025U.S. Senatetext/xmlENPursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.One Hundred Nineteenth Congress of the United States of America2d SessionBegun and held at the City of Washington on Saturday, the third day of January, two thousand and twenty sixS. 98IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATESAN ACTTo require the Federal Communications Commission to establish a vetting process for prospective applicants for high-cost universal service program funding.1.Short titleThis Act may be cited as the Rural Broadband Protection Act of 2025 .2.Vetting process for prospective high-cost universal service fund applicantsSection 254 of the Communications Act of 1934 ( 47 U.S.C. 254 ) is amended by adding at the end the following:(m)Vetting of high-Cost fund recipients(1)DefinitionsIn this subsection—(A)the term covered funding means any new offer of high-cost universal service program funding, including funding provided through a reverse competitive bidding mechanism provided under this section, for the deployment of a broadband-capable network and the provision of supported services over the network; and(B)the term new covered funding award means an award of covered funding that is made based on an application submitted to the Commission on or after the date on which rules are promulgated under paragraph (2).(2)Commission rulemakingNot later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this subsection, the Commission shall initiate a rulemaking proceeding to establish a vetting process for applicants for, and other recipients of, a new covered funding award.(3)Contents(A)In generalIn promulgating rules under paragraph (2), the Commission shall provide that, consistent with principles of technology neutrality, the Commission will only award covered funding to applicants that can demonstrate that they meet the qualifications in subparagraph (B).(B)Qualifications describedAn applicant for a new covered funding award shall include in the initial application a proposal containing sufficient detail and documentation for the Commission to ascertain that the applicant possesses the technical, financial, and operational capabilities, and has a reasonable business plan, to deploy the proposed network and deliver services with the relevant performance characteristics and requirements defined by the Commission and as pledged by the applicant.(C)Evaluation of proposalThe Commission shall evaluate a proposal described in subparagraph (B) against—(i)reasonable and well-established technical, financial, and operational standards, including the technical standards adopted by the Commission in orders of the Commission relating to Establishing the Digital Opportunity Data Collection (WC Docket No. 19–195) (or orders of the Commission relating to modernizing any successor collection) for purposes of entities that must report broadband availability coverage; and(ii)the applicant’s history of complying with requirements in Commission and other government broadband deployment funding programs.(D)Penalties for pre-authorization defaultsIn adopting rules for any new covered funding award, the Commission shall set a penalty for pre-authorization defaults of at least $9,000 per violation and may not limit the base forfeiture to an amount less than 30 percent of the applicant’s total support, unless the Commission demonstrates the need for lower penalties in a particular instance..Speaker of the House of RepresentativesVice President of the United States and President of the Senate
Tracker
The tracker indicates the progress of this legislation as it moves through the legislative process.
- Introduced2025-01-15
- Passed Senate2025-06-26
- Passed House2026-04-20
- Conference
- To President2026-04-30
- Became Law2026-05-11
CRS Summary
The summaries are the Congressional Research Service’s, one per stage. Read them in full.
Public Law May 11, 2026
sb98/public-law.mdShown Here:
Public Law (05/11/2026)
Rural Broadband Protection Act of 2025
This act requires the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to vet the qualifications of applicants for certain funding programs that support affordable broadband deployment in high-cost areas (e.g., rural communities).
Specifically, the FCC must develop a vetting process for applicants seeking funding under high-cost universal service programs for the deployment of a broadband-capable network and the provision of supported services over the network. The FCC must require applicants to submit a proposal that contains sufficient detail and documentation for the FCC to ascertain that the applicant possesses the technical, financial, and operational capabilities related to the proposed deployment and has a reasonable business plan. The FCC must evaluate applications against reasonable and well-established standards and must consider each applicant’s history of compliance with the requirements of other government broadband funding programs.
The FCC must establish this vetting process through a rulemaking proceeding. After the rule is finalized, funds may only be awarded to applicants that satisfy the standards established therein.
Finally, the FCC must set financial penalties for applicants that default in some manner during the evaluation process before they are authorized to begin receiving support.
Introduced in Senate Jan 15, 2025
sb98/introduced-in-senate.mdShown Here:
Introduced in Senate (01/15/2025)
Rural Broadband Protection Act of 2025
This bill requires the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to establish a process to vet applicants for certain funding programs that support affordable broadband deployment in high-cost areas, including rural communities.
Specifically, the FCC must conduct a rulemaking to develop a vetting process for applicants seeking funding under high-cost universal service programs for the deployment of a broadband-capable network and the provision of supported services over the network. The FCC must require applications for such funding to document each applicant’s technical, financial, and operational capabilities related to the proposed deployment, as well as a reasonable business plan.
The FCC must evaluate applications against reasonable and well-established standards and must consider each applicant’s history of compliance with the requirements of other government broadband funding programs. After the rulemaking is finalized, funds may only be awarded to applicants that satisfy the standards established therein.
Finally, the FCC must set financial penalties for applicants that default in some manner during the evaluation process before they are authorized to begin receiving support.
Sponsors
Sen. Shelley Capito (R) sponsors S. 98, and 4 members have co-sponsored it, 2 of them from the day it was introduced.

Sen. · R–WV · Sponsor
Introduced Jan 15, 2025

Sen. · R–UT · Co-sponsor
Joined Jan 15, 2025 · Original

Sen. · D–MN · Co-sponsor
Joined Jan 15, 2025 · Original

Sen. · D–MI · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 11, 2025

Sen. · D–GA · Co-sponsor
Joined Dec 16, 2025
Committees
S. 98 went before 1 committee: Commerce, Science, and Transportation.

Reports
1 committee report has been filed on S. 98, the latest S. Rept. 119-14.
- S. Rept. 119-14 — RURAL BROADBAND PROTECTION ACT OF 2025
Actions
S. 98 has taken 19 actions since Jan 15, 2025, the latest on May 11, 2026.
| Chamber | Action | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
May 11, 2026 | Senate | Signed by President. | ||
May 11, 2026 | Senate | Became Public Law No: 119-89. | ||
Apr 30, 2026 | Senate | Presented to President. | ||
Apr 20, 202616:51 | House | Mr. Allen moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill. | ||
Apr 20, 202616:51 | House | Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H2976-2978) |
Votes
S. 98 has not gone to a roll call.
Related bills
2 bills are related to S. 98.
HR 1768Lower Costs for Everyday Americans ActMar 3, 2025 · Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Commit… · Related bill
HR 2399Rural Broadband Protection Act of 2025Apr 29, 2025 · Received in the Senate. Read twice. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under… · Identical billTitles
S. 98 goes by 6 titles, 4 of them short titles.
- Rural Broadband Protection Act of 2025 — Display Title
- Rural Broadband Protection Act of 2025 — Short Titles from ENR (Enrolled) bill text
- Rural Broadband Protection Act of 2025 — Short Title(s) as Passed Senate
- Rural Broadband Protection Act of 2025 — Short Title(s) as Reported to Senate
- Rural Broadband Protection Act of 2025 — Short Title(s) as Introduced
- A bill to require the Federal Communications Commission to establish a vetting process for prospective applicants for high-cost universal service program funding. — Official Title as Introduced
Cost estimate
The Congressional Budget Office has filed 1 estimate for S. 98, the latest on Mar 10, 2025.
- S. 98, Rural Broadband Protection Act of 2025 — 2025-03-10As ordered reported by the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on February 5, 2025
Lobbying
10 clients hired 10 firms and 50 registered lobbyists who named S. 98 in 53 quarterly filings, 2025 to 2026. Reported under the Lobbying Disclosure Act; a filing’s income covers everything its registrant worked that quarter, so the amounts below are the filings’, not this bill’s.
Filed under Taxation/Internal Revenue Code, Telecommunications, Budget/Appropriations, Agriculture, Small Business, Banking, Economics/Economic Development, Environment/Superfund.
Clients
Who paid to be heard, by how many filings named the bill.
| Client | Business | State | Firms | Filings | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS INC AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 6 | $120K |
| COMPETITIVE CARRIERS ASSOCIATION | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 6 | — |
| COX ENTERPRISES INC. | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 6 | — |
| STRUCTURED FINANCE ASSOCIATION | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 6 | — |
| UNITED STATES TELECOM ASSN | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 6 | — |
| VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS INC AND VARIOUS SUBSIDIARIES | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 6 | — |
| PENNSYLVANIA FARM BUREAU | — | Pennsylvania | 1 | 5 | — |
| WTA -- ADVOCATES FOR RURAL BROADBAND | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 5 | — |
| NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION | — | Virginia | 1 | 4 | — |
| T-MOBILE USA, INC. | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 3 | — |
Firms
Registrants who filed on the bill, by filings.
Lobbyists
Named on the filings that cite the bill. The 20 named most often, of 50.
| Lobbyist | Firms | Clients | Filings |
|---|---|---|---|
| AINSLIE LANE | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| ALANNA CHAPELL | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| ANDREW FIELDS | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| ANNE-MARIE KELLEY | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| BRANDON HEINER | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| BROOKS BRUNSON-PITTS | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| CHRISTINA MASON | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| EMERALD LITKE-SMITH | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| HANK KILGORE | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| JAMES GREEN | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| JOSHUA LYNCH | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| MARCELA ZAMORA | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| MARIBETH COLLINS | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| MARK MULLET | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| PAUL RAAK | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| PAUL SCOLESE | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| ROBERT FISHER | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| SONYA WENDELL MANFREDI | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| STEPHANIE MATHIAS | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| SYDNEY PETTIT | 1 | 1 | 6 |
Filings
The documents themselves, on the Senate’s Lobbying Disclosure site, largest reported first.
| Client | Registrant | Period | Reported | Document |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS INC AND VARIOUS SUBSIDIARIES | VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS INC. AND VARIOUS SUBSIDIARIES | 2026 first_quarter | $3.4M | 1st Quarter - Report |
| VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS INC AND VARIOUS SUBSIDIARIES | VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS INC. AND VARIOUS SUBSIDIARIES | 2025 fourth_quarter | $3.4M | 4th Quarter - Report |
| T-MOBILE USA, INC. | T-MOBILE USA, INC. | 2025 third_quarter | $3.1M | 3rd Quarter - Report |
| VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS INC AND VARIOUS SUBSIDIARIES | VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS INC. AND VARIOUS SUBSIDIARIES | 2026 second_quarter | $3.1M | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS INC AND VARIOUS SUBSIDIARIES | VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS INC. AND VARIOUS SUBSIDIARIES | 2025 second_quarter | $3M | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS INC AND VARIOUS SUBSIDIARIES | VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS INC. AND VARIOUS SUBSIDIARIES | 2025 first_quarter | $3M | 1st Quarter - Report |
| VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS INC AND VARIOUS SUBSIDIARIES | VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS INC. AND VARIOUS SUBSIDIARIES | 2025 third_quarter | $3M | 3rd Quarter - Report |
| T-MOBILE USA, INC. | T-MOBILE USA, INC. | 2025 fourth_quarter | $2.7M | 4th Quarter - Report |
| T-MOBILE USA, INC. | T-MOBILE USA, INC. | 2025 second_quarter | $2.7M | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| COX ENTERPRISES INC. | COX ENTERPRISES INC. | 2026 first_quarter | $810K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| COX ENTERPRISES INC. | COX ENTERPRISES INC. | 2026 second_quarter | $750K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| UNITED STATES TELECOM ASSN | UNITED STATES TELECOM ASSN | 2025 fourth_quarter | $720K | 4th Quarter - Report |
| UNITED STATES TELECOM ASSN | UNITED STATES TELECOM ASSN | 2025 second_quarter | $690K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| COX ENTERPRISES INC. | COX ENTERPRISES INC. | 2025 second_quarter | $680K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| COX ENTERPRISES INC. | COX ENTERPRISES INC. | 2025 first_quarter | $660K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| UNITED STATES TELECOM ASSN | UNITED STATES TELECOM ASSN | 2026 second_quarter | $620K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| UNITED STATES TELECOM ASSN | UNITED STATES TELECOM ASSN | 2026 first_quarter | $610K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| COX ENTERPRISES INC. | COX ENTERPRISES INC. | 2025 third_quarter | $600K | 3rd Quarter - Report |
| COX ENTERPRISES INC. | COX ENTERPRISES INC. | 2025 fourth_quarter | $570K | 4th Quarter - Report |
| UNITED STATES TELECOM ASSN | UNITED STATES TELECOM ASSN | 2025 third_quarter | $540K | 3rd Quarter - Report |
Classification
The Congressional Research Service files S. 98 under Science, Technology, Communications, one of its 31 policy areas, and gives it 3 legislative subjects.
CRS Subjects
CRS assigns every bill one policy area from its 31; S. 98’s is Science, Technology, Communications.
s98/policy-areas.txtLegislative Subjects
S. 98 carries 3 of CRS’s legislative subjects, from Internet, web applications, social media to Telephone and wireless communication.
s98/subjects.txtSource: congress.gov · legiscan.com