Search

Search bills, members, committees and pages...

Sign In

H.J.Res. 1

U.S. House•House Floor Calendar

Summary

H.J.Res. 1, “Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices”, was introduced in the House on Jan 3, 2025 by Rep. Andy Biggs (R) with 2 co-sponsors. It last saw action on Sep 2, 2026: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the resolution Failed by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 212 - 206 (Roll no. 293).

Record

Text

H.J.Res. 1 has 2 co-sponsors.

hjr1/introduced-in-house.txt
119 HJ 1 IH: Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.
 U.S. House of Representatives
 2025-01-03
 text/xml
 EN
 Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
 IA  119th CONGRESS  1st Session  H. J. RES. 1  IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES   January 3, 2025   Mr. Biggs of Arizona  submitted the following joint resolution; which was referred to the  Committee on the Judiciary    JOINT RESOLUTION
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.
That the following article is proposed as an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, which shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of the Constitution when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years after the date of its submission for ratification:
 —
The Supreme Court of the United States shall be composed of nine justices consisting of one chief justice and eight associate justices.
  .

Tracker

The tracker indicates the progress of this legislation as it moves through the legislative process.

  1. Introduced2025-01-03
  2. Failed in House2026-09-02
  3. Passed Senate
  4. Conference
  5. To President
  6. Became Law

CRS Summary

The summaries are the Congressional Research Service’s, one per stage. Read them in full.

Introduced in House Jan 3, 2025

hjr1/introduced-in-house.md

Shown Here:
Introduced in House (01/03/2025)

This joint resolution proposes a constitutional amendment requiring the Supreme Court to be composed of nine Justices—one Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices.

Sponsors

Rep. Andy Biggs (R) sponsors H.J.Res. 1, and 2 members have co-sponsored it.

Committees

H.J.Res. 1 went before 1 committee: Judiciary.

Judiciary
Judiciary
Reported By · Jul 6, 2026 · 2,181 Bills

Reports

1 committee report has been filed on H.J.Res. 1, the latest H. Rept. 119-732.

  • H. Rept. 119-732 — PROPOSING AN AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES TO REQUIRE THAT THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES BE COMPOSED OF NINE JUSTICES

Actions

H.J.Res. 1 has taken 17 actions since Jan 3, 2025, the latest on Sep 2, 2026.

ChamberAction
Sep 2, 202616:35
House
On motion to suspend the rules and pass Failed by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 212 - 206 (Roll no. 293).House roll call 293
Sep 2, 202616:35
House
On motion to suspend the rules and pass the resolution Failed by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 212 - 206 (Roll no. 293).House roll call 293
Sep 2, 202616:35
—
Failed of passage/not agreed to in House On motion to suspend the rules and pass Failed by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 212 - 206 (Roll no. 293). roll call 293
Sep 2, 202616:35
—
Failed of passage/not agreed to in House On motion to suspend the rules and pass the resolution Failed by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 212 - 206 (Roll no. 293). roll call 293
Sep 2, 202616:00
House
Considered as unfinished business.

Votes

H.J.Res. 1 went to 1 roll call in the House, the latest on Sep 2, 2026 at 212–206.

ChamberQuestion
Yea
Nay
Sep 2, 2026
House
On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass
212
206

3 bills are related to H.J.Res. 1.

HJRES 1Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.Jan 9, 2023 · Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary. · Cross-Congress related billHJRES 40Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.Oct 19, 2021 · Referred to the Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liber… · Cross-Congress related billSJRES 16A joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.Feb 6, 2025 · Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. · Related bill

Titles

H.J.Res. 1 goes by 2 titles.

  • Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices. — Display Title
  • Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices. — Official Title as Introduced

Cost estimate

The Congressional Budget Office has filed 1 estimate for H.J.Res. 1, the latest on Jul 23, 2026.

Classification

The Congressional Research Service files H.J.Res. 1 under Law, one of its 31 policy areas, and gives it 3 legislative subjects.

CRS Subjects

CRS assigns every bill one policy area from its 31; H.J.Res. 1’s is Law.

hjres1/policy-areas.txt
LawAgriculture and FoodAnimalsArmed Forces and National SecurityArts, Culture, ReligionCivil Rights and Liberties, Minority IssuesCommerceCongressCrime and Law EnforcementEconomics and Public FinanceEducationEmergency ManagementEnergyEnvironmental ProtectionFamiliesFinance and Financial SectorForeign Trade and International FinanceGovernment Operations and PoliticsHealthHousing and Community DevelopmentImmigrationInternational AffairsLabor and EmploymentNative AmericansPublic Lands and Natural ResourcesScience, Technology, CommunicationsSocial WelfareSports and RecreationTaxationTransportation and Public WorksWater Resources Development

Legislative Subjects

H.J.Res. 1 carries 3 of CRS’s legislative subjects, from Constitution and constitutional amendments to Supreme Court.

hjres1/subjects.txt
Constitution and constitutional amendmentsJudgesSupreme Court

Constitutional authority

The clause the sponsor cites as Congress’s power to enact H.J.Res. 1, as entered in the Congressional Record.

[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 1 (Friday, January 3, 2025)][House]From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]By Mr. BIGGS of Arizona:H.J. Res. 1.Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuantto the following:Artcile 5The single subject of this legislation is:Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the UnitedStates to require the Supreme Court of the United States becomposed of nine justices.[Page H43]

Source: congress.gov · legiscan.com