H.R. 9646

119 HR 9646 IH: Quantum-Enhanced Critical Minerals Mapping Act of 2026
 U.S. House of Representatives
 2026-07-13
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 I  119th CONGRESS  2d Session  H. R. 9646  IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES   July 13, 2026   Mr. Hurd of Colorado  (for himself and  Mr. Carbajal ) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the  Committee on Natural Resources    A BILL
To require the Secretary of the Interior to carry out a quantum-enhanced critical minerals survey, and for other purposes.
1.
Short title
This Act may be cited as the   Quantum-Enhanced Critical Minerals Mapping Act of 2026  .
2.
Definitions
In this Act:
(1)
Critical mineral
The term  critical mineral  has the meaning given to that term in section 7002(a) of the Energy Act of 2020 ( 30 U.S.C. 1606(a) ).
(2)
Earth MRI
The term  Earth MRI  means the Earth Mapping Resources Initiative of the United States Geological Survey.
(3)
Quantum gravity gradiometry
The term  quantum gravity gradiometry  means the use of quantum mechanical systems, including cold-atom interferometry, to measure spatial gradients of gravitational fields for the purpose of detecting subsurface density variations.
(4)
Rare earth element
The term  rare earth element  means any of the 17 metallic elements consisting of the 15 lanthanides plus scandium and yttrium, which are a special subset of critical minerals.
(5)
Secretary
The term  Secretary  means the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Director of the United States Geological Survey.
3.
Quantum-enhanced critical minerals survey
(a)
In general
Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish and carry out a program to conduct original quantum-enhanced geophysical surveys to improve upon existing United States Geological Survey data for the discovery and characterization of critical mineral and rare earth element deposits on or adjacent to Federal lands.
(b)
Survey requirements
In carrying out the program under subsection (a), the Secretary shall—
(1)
conduct mobile quantum gravity gradiometry surveys over not fewer than 3 priority critical minerals focus areas identified under the Earth MRI program, with priority given to focus areas in the western rare earth element zones;
(2)
compare quantum gravity gradiometry data with existing classical geophysical survey data from the same focus areas to quantify detection improvements in resolution, depth penetration, and mineral deposit characterization;
(3)
integrate all survey data into the Earth MRI national minerals database and make such data publicly accessible in a format compatible with existing Earth MRI data platforms;
(4)
coordinate with the Secretary of Energy, acting through the directors of relevant Department of Energy national laboratories, including the National Laboratory of the Rockies; and
(5)
to the maximum extent practicable, carry out surveys under cooperative research and development agreements with private quantum sensing firms to leverage private sector investment and reduce Federal costs.
(c)
State coordination
The Secretary shall consult and coordinate with the State Geological Surveys of affected States in selecting survey focus areas and interpreting survey results.
(d)
Industry access
Survey data made publicly available under subsection (b)(3) shall be provided to mining and mineral exploration companies to facilitate private-sector investment in domestic critical mineral development.
4.
Report to Congress
(a)
In general
Not later than 24 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report on the quantum-enhanced geophysical survey program established under section 3.
(b)
Contents
The report required under subsection (a) shall include—
(1)
a description of each survey area, the quantum gravity gradiometry instruments deployed, and the survey methodologies used;
(2)
a summary of critical minerals and rare earth elements identified or characterized in each survey area, including estimated deposit locations, depths, and potential economic significance;
(3)
a quantitative comparison of quantum gravity gradiometry results against classical geophysical survey results from the same areas, including metrics for detection resolution, subsurface depth penetration, and cost per unit area surveyed;
(4)
an assessment of the potential for quantum gravity gradiometry to reduce speculative drilling requirements in domestic critical minerals exploration;
(5)
an analysis of private sector interest in and investment resulting from publicly released survey data;
(6)
recommendations for scaling quantum-enhanced geophysical survey capabilities across the Earth MRI program nationally;
(7)
any legislative or regulatory changes the Secretary recommends to accelerate domestic critical mineral permitting in areas identified by the surveys; and
(8)
a cost-benefit analysis comparing the Federal investment under this Act with the estimated economic value of critical mineral deposits identified.