S. 4091

119 S4091 IS: Habitat Connectivity on Working Lands Act of 2026
 U.S. Senate
 2026-03-12
 text/xml
 EN
 Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
 II  119th CONGRESS  2d Session  S. 4091  IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES   March 12, 2026   Mr. Heinrich  (for himself and  Mr. Sheehy ) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the  Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry    A BILL
To amend the Food Security Act of 1985 to improve wildlife habitat connectivity and wildlife migration corridors, and for other purposes.
1.
Short title
This Act may be cited as the   Habitat Connectivity on Working Lands Act of 2026  .
2.
Conservation programs
(a)
Definition of native big game species
Section 1201(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( 16 U.S.C. 3801(a) ) is amended—
(1)
by redesignating paragraphs (18) through (27) as paragraphs (19) through (28), respectively; and
(2)
by inserting after paragraph (17) the following:
(18)
Native big game species
The term  native big game species  means a native species of a large mammal, including a wild deer, an elk, a pronghorn, a wild sheep, and a moose.
 .
(b)
Regional Conservation Partnership Program critical conservation areas
Section 1271F(a)(2)(C) of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( 16 U.S.C. 3871f(a)(2)(C) ) is amended by inserting  , including restoration and enhancement of wildlife habitat connectivity and wildlife migration corridors, with a focus on native big game species  before  ; and .
(c)
Enrollment in the environmental quality incentives program and the conservation stewardship program of grassland enrolled in the conservation reserve program
(1)
Environmental quality incentives program
Section 1240B(d) of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( 16 U.S.C. 3839aa–2(d) ) is amended—
(A)
in paragraph (6), by striking  A producer  and inserting  Except as provided in paragraph (8), a producer ; and
(B)
by adding at the end the following:
(8)
Cost-share payments for grassland enrolled in the conservation reserve program
(A)
In general
The Secretary may provide payments under the program for costs associated with planning, design, materials, equipment, installation, labor, management, maintenance, or training with respect to eligible land that is—
(i)
enrolled in the conservation reserve program under section 1231(d)(2)(A); and
(ii)
of ecological significance, as described in section 1231(d)(2)(B)(iii).
(B)
Limitations
(i)
Other Federal programs
A producer shall not be eligible for payments under subparagraph (A) for practices if the producer receives payments or other benefits for the same practice on the same land under another Federal program (other than the conservation reserve program under subchapter B of chapter 1).
(ii)
Protection of emergency grazing and haying
An activity to restore or enhance wildlife habitat connectivity or wildlife migration corridors carried out using a payment under subparagraph (A) shall not prevent or alter emergency haying or emergency grazing carried out in accordance with the requirements of the conservation reserve program under subchapter B of chapter 1.
 .
(2)
Conservation stewardship program
Section 1240J(b) of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( 16 U.S.C. 3839aa–22(b) ) is amended—
(A)
in paragraph (1), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by inserting  and except as provided in paragraph (3),  after  paragraph (2), ; and
(B)
by adding at the end the following:
(3)
Cost-share payments for grassland enrolled in the conservation reserve program
(A)
In general
The Secretary may provide payments under the program for costs associated with planning, design, materials, equipment, installation, labor, management, maintenance, or training with respect to eligible land that is—
(i)
enrolled in the conservation reserve program under section 1231(d)(2)(A); and
(ii)
of ecological significance, as described in section 1231(d)(2)(B)(iii).
(B)
Limitations
(i)
Other Federal programs
A producer shall not be eligible for payments under subparagraph (A) for conservation activities if the producer receives payments or other benefits for the same conservation activities on the same land under another Federal program (other than the conservation reserve program under subchapter B of chapter 1).
(ii)
Protection of emergency grazing and haying
An activity to restore or enhance wildlife habitat connectivity or wildlife migration corridors carried out using a payment under subparagraph (A) shall not prevent or alter emergency haying or emergency grazing carried out in accordance with the requirements of the conservation reserve program under subchapter B of chapter 1.
 .
(3)
Payment limitation for rental payments under the conservation reserve program
Section 1234(g)(1) of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( 16 U.S.C. 3834(g)(1) ) is amended by striking  $50,000  and inserting  $125,000 .
(d)
Increased payments under the environmental quality incentives program
Section 1240B(d) of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( 16 U.S.C. 3839aa–2(d) ) is amended—
(1)
in paragraph (3)(F), by inserting  and wildlife habitat connectivity  before  ; or ; and
(2)
in paragraph (7)(A)—
(A)
in clause (iii), by striking  or  at the end;
(B)
in clause (iv), by striking the period at the end and inserting  ; or ; and
(C)
by adding at the end the following:
(v)
addresses the conservation and restoration of wildlife habitat, including wildlife habitat connectivity and wildlife migration corridors.
 .
(e)
Conservation practice standards
Section 1242 of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( 16 U.S.C. 3842 ) is amended by adding at the end the following:
(j)
Addressing barriers to habitat connectivity
(1)
In general
The Secretary shall—
(A)
to the maximum extent practicable, fully incorporate nonstructural methods to manage livestock distribution, such as virtual fencing, into the conservation practice standards; and
(B)
provide for the appropriate range of conservation practices and resource mitigation measures available to landowners using nonstructural methods described in subparagraph (A).
(2)
Availability of adequate technical assistance
The Secretary shall ensure that adequate technical assistance is available for the implementation of—
(A)
nonstructural methods described in paragraph (1)(A); and
(B)
other practices that support habitat connectivity through Federal conservation programs.
 .
(f)
Administrative requirements for conservation programs
Section 1244 of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( 16 U.S.C. 3844 ) is amended by adding at the end the following:
(q)
Encouragement of habitat connectivity and native big game migration corridors
In carrying out any conservation program administered by the Secretary, the Secretary may, as appropriate, encourage—
(1)
the conservation of landscape corridors and hydrologic connectivity, where native big game species and ecological processes can transition from one habitat to another, in order to conserve native biodiversity and ensure resiliency against impacts from a range of stressors; and
(2)
the use of conservation practices that support the development, restoration, and maintenance of landscape corridors and hydrologic connectivity.
 .
3.
High-priority research and extension areas
Section 1672(d) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 ( 7 U.S.C. 5925(d) ) is amended by adding at the end the following:
(21)
Virtual fencing
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of—
(A)
understanding and addressing the barriers to the adoption of virtual fencing technology; or
(B)
studying the effects of virtual fencing technology on—
(i)
natural and cultural resources, such as—
(I)
sensitive riparian areas; and
(II)
crucial winter range and stopover habitats for native big game species (as defined in section 1201(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( 16 U.S.C. 3801(a) )); or
(ii)
overall range health.
 .