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S. 1283
U.S. Senate•In Senate Committee
Summary
S. 1283, the Innovate to De-Escalate Modernization Act, was introduced in the Senate on Apr 3, 2025 by Sen. Bill Hagerty (R) with 13 co-sponsors. It was referred to Judiciary, and last saw action on Apr 3, 2025: Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.
Record
Text
S. 1283 has 13 co-sponsors.
sb1283/introduced-in-senate.txt119 S1283 IS: Innovate to De-Escalate Modernization ActU.S. Senate2025-04-03text/xmlENPursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.II 119th CONGRESS 1st Session S. 1283 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES April 3, 2025 Mr. Hagerty (for himself and Mr. Gallego ) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary A BILLTo modernize Federal firearms laws to account for advancements in technology and less-than-lethal weapons, and for other purposes.1.Short titleThis Act may be cited as the Innovate to De-Escalate Modernization Act .2.Exemption of certain less-than-lethal projectile devices from restrictions under title 18, United States Code(a)In generalSection 921(a) of title 18, United States Code, is amended—(1)in the second sentence of paragraph (3), by inserting or a less-than-lethal projectile device before the period; and(2)by adding at the end the following:(38)(A)The term less-than-lethal projectile device means a device that—(i)is not designed or intended to expel, and may not be readily converted to accept and discharge—(I)ammunition commonly used in handguns, rifles, or shotguns; or(II)any other projectile at a velocity exceeding 500 feet per second;(ii)is designed and intended to be used in a manner that is not likely to cause death or serious bodily injury; and(iii)does not accept, and is not able to be readily modified to accept, an ammunition feeding device—(I)loaded through the inside of a pistol grip; or(II)commonly used in semiautomatic firearms.(B)If a person requests that the Attorney General determine whether a device satisfies the definition of less-than-lethal projectile device under subparagraph (A), the Attorney General shall make the determination not later than 90 days after the date on which the Attorney General receives the device pursuant to the request..
Tracker
The tracker indicates the progress of this legislation as it moves through the legislative process.
- Introduced2025-04-03
- Passed Senate
- Passed House
- Conference
- To President
- Became Law
CRS Summary
The summaries are the Congressional Research Service’s, one per stage. Read them in full.
Introduced in Senate Apr 3, 2025
sb1283/introduced-in-senate.mdShown Here:
Introduced in Senate (04/03/2025)
Innovate to De-Escalate Modernization Act
This bill removes less-than-lethal projectile devices (e.g., certain TASERs) from regulation under the Gun Control Act.
The term less-than-lethal projectile device means a device that (1) is not designed or intended to expel (and may not be readily converted to discharge) commonly used ammunition or projectiles exceeding a velocity of 500 feet per second; (2) is designed and intended to be used in a manner not likely to cause death or serious bodily injury; and (3) does not accept (and cannot be readily modified to accept) an ammunition feeding device.
The bill also requires the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives to determine whether a device satisfies the definition of a less-than-lethal projectile device within 90 days of a request.
Sponsors
Sen. Bill Hagerty (R) sponsors S. 1283, and 13 members have co-sponsored it, 1 of them from the day it was introduced.

Sen. · R–TN · Sponsor
Introduced Apr 3, 2025

Sen. · D–AZ · Co-sponsor
Joined Apr 3, 2025 · Original

Sen. · R–ND · Co-sponsor
Joined Jun 24, 2025

Sen. · R–WY · Co-sponsor
Joined Jun 24, 2025

Sen. · R–UT · Co-sponsor
Joined Oct 16, 2025

Sen. · R–FL · Co-sponsor
Joined Dec 8, 2025

Sen. · R–WV · Co-sponsor
Joined Feb 4, 2026

Sen. · R–NC · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 17, 2026

Sen. · R–WV · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 24, 2026

Sen. · R–AR · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 25, 2026
Committees
S. 1283 went before 1 committee: Judiciary.
Actions
S. 1283 has taken 2 actions since Apr 3, 2025.
| Chamber | Action | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr 3, 2025 | Senate | Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.Judiciary Committee | ||
Apr 3, 2025 | — | Introduced in Senate |
Votes
S. 1283 has not gone to a roll call.
Related bills
1 bill is related to S. 1283.
Titles
S. 1283 goes by 3 titles, 1 of them short titles.
- Innovate to De-Escalate Modernization Act — Display Title
- Innovate to De-Escalate Modernization Act — Short Title(s) as Introduced
- A bill to modernize Federal firearms laws to account for advancements in technology and less-than-lethal weapons, and for other purposes. — Official Title as Introduced
Lobbying
11 clients hired 12 firms and 47 registered lobbyists who named S. 1283 in 53 quarterly filings, 2025 to 2026. Reported under the Lobbying Disclosure Act; a filing’s income covers everything its registrant worked that quarter, so the amounts below are the filings’, not this bill’s.
Filed under Law Enforcement/Crime/Criminal Justice, Firearms/Guns/Ammunition, Budget/Appropriations, Health Issues, Taxation/Internal Revenue Code, Homeland Security, Labor Issues/Antitrust/Workplace, Retirement.
Clients
Who paid to be heard, by how many filings named the bill.
| Client | Business | State | Firms | Filings | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AXON ENTERPRISE, INC. | Law enforcement technology and security system company. | Arizona | 2 | 10 | $550K |
| NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 8 | — |
| AXON ENTERPRISES | Manufacturing company | Arizona | 1 | 6 | $260K |
| AXON ENTERPRISE | Manufacturing company | Arizona | 1 | 6 | — |
| AXON ENTERPRISE, INC | Manufacturing | Arizona | 1 | 5 | $180K |
| BRADY CAMPAIGN TO PREVENT GUN VIOLENCE | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 5 | — |
| GIFFORDS | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 5 | — |
| GUN OWNERS OF AMERICA INC | — | Virginia | 1 | 4 | — |
| PEACE OFFICERS RESEARCH ASSOCIATION OF CALIFORNIA | Law enforcement | California | 1 | 2 | $100K |
| BYRNA TECHNOLOGIES INC. | Consumer Goods Manufacturing | Massachusetts | 1 | 1 | $13K |
| EVERYTOWN FOR GUN SAFETY ACTION FUND | — | New York | 1 | 1 | — |
Firms
Registrants who filed on the bill, by filings.
| Registrant | Clients | Filings | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|
| NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | 1 | 8 | — |
| AXON ENTERPRISE | 1 | 6 | — |
| RAGNAR GROUP LLC | 1 | 6 | $260K |
| BRADY CAMPAIGN TO PREVENT GUN VIOLENCE | 1 | 5 | — |
| CAPITOL 6 ADVISORS | 1 | 5 | $180K |
| FEDERAL STREET STRATEGIES, LLC | 1 | 5 | $250K |
| GIFFORDS | 1 | 5 | — |
| THE NICKLES GROUP, LLC | 1 | 5 | $300K |
| GUN OWNERS OF AMERICA, INC. | 1 | 4 | — |
| STEPTOE LLP | 1 | 2 | $100K |
| CAPITOL PATHWAY ADVISORS LLC | 1 | 1 | $13K |
| EVERYTOWN FOR GUN SAFETY ACTION FUND | 1 | 1 | — |
Lobbyists
Named on the filings that cite the bill. The 20 named most often, of 47.
| Lobbyist | Firms | Clients | Filings |
|---|---|---|---|
| BENJAMIN STOKES | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| DAVID TABOH | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| JAMES PASCO | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| LAURA GORMALLY | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| TIMOTHY RICHARDSON | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| JAMES NORTON | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| MICHAEL ANDREWS | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| BRETT BAKER | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| CATHERINE MOUER | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| CHRIS COX | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| DONALD KENT | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| EMMA SILVER | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| JEFF CHOUDHRY | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| KAADE WALLACE | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| LINDSAY NICHOLS | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| MARK COLLINS | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| PAUL BRATHWAITE | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| PHILIP HOON | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| RACHEL JONES HENSLER | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| ROBERT WASINGER | 1 | 1 | 5 |
Filings
The documents themselves, on the Senate’s Lobbying Disclosure site, largest reported first.
| Client | Registrant | Period | Reported | Document |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AXON ENTERPRISE | AXON ENTERPRISE | 2026 first_quarter | $730K | 1st Quarter - Amendme… |
| AXON ENTERPRISE | AXON ENTERPRISE | 2026 first_quarter | $730K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| AXON ENTERPRISE | AXON ENTERPRISE | 2025 fourth_quarter | $710K | 4th Quarter - Report |
| AXON ENTERPRISE | AXON ENTERPRISE | 2025 third_quarter | $700K | 3rd Quarter - Report |
| GUN OWNERS OF AMERICA INC | GUN OWNERS OF AMERICA, INC. | 2025 second_quarter | $679K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| GUN OWNERS OF AMERICA INC | GUN OWNERS OF AMERICA, INC. | 2025 first_quarter | $650.4K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| AXON ENTERPRISE | AXON ENTERPRISE | 2025 second_quarter | $550K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| GUN OWNERS OF AMERICA INC | GUN OWNERS OF AMERICA, INC. | 2025 fourth_quarter | $545.7K | 4th Quarter - Report |
| AXON ENTERPRISE | AXON ENTERPRISE | 2025 first_quarter | $510K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| GUN OWNERS OF AMERICA INC | GUN OWNERS OF AMERICA, INC. | 2025 third_quarter | $465.1K | 3rd Quarter - Report |
| EVERYTOWN FOR GUN SAFETY ACTION FUND | EVERYTOWN FOR GUN SAFETY ACTION FUND | 2026 first_quarter | $270K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | 2026 second_quarter | $100K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | 2026 first_quarter | $100K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | 2025 fourth_quarter | $100K | 4th Quarter - Amendme… |
| NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | 2025 third_quarter | $100K | 3rd Quarter - Amendme… |
| NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | 2025 second_quarter | $100K | 2nd Quarter - Amendme… |
| NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | 2025 fourth_quarter | $100K | 4th Quarter - Report |
| NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | 2025 third_quarter | $100K | 3rd Quarter - Report |
| NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | NATIONAL FRATERNAL ORDER OF POLICE | 2025 second_quarter | $100K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| GIFFORDS | GIFFORDS | 2025 second_quarter | $100K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
Classification
The Congressional Research Service files S. 1283 under Crime and Law Enforcement, one of its 31 policy areas, and gives it 2 legislative subjects.
CRS Subjects
CRS assigns every bill one policy area from its 31; S. 1283’s is Crime and Law Enforcement.
s1283/policy-areas.txtLegislative Subjects
S. 1283 carries 2 of CRS’s legislative subjects, from Criminal procedure and sentencing to Firearms and explosives.
s1283/subjects.txtSource: congress.gov · legiscan.com
