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H.R. 1954
U.S. House•In House Committee
Summary
H.R. 1954, the Do No Harm Act, was introduced in the House on Mar 6, 2025 by Rep. Robert Scott (D) with 123 co-sponsors. It was referred to Judiciary, and last saw action on Mar 6, 2025: Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.
Record
Text
H.R. 1954 has 123 co-sponsors.
hb1954/introduced-in-house.txt119 HR 1954 IH: Do No Harm ActU.S. House of Representatives2025-03-06text/xmlENPursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.I 119th CONGRESS 1st Session H. R. 1954 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES March 6, 2025 Mr. Scott of Virginia (for himself, Mr. Raskin , Mr. Cohen , Ms. Scanlon , Mr. Peters , Mr. Connolly , Ms. Tokuda , Mr. Krishnamoorthi , Ms. Sánchez , Ms. Norton , Ms. Schakowsky , Mr. Pocan , Ms. Strickland , Ms. Titus , Ms. Williams of Georgia , Mrs. Cherfilus-McCormick , Mr. Deluzio , Ms. Friedman , Mr. Mfume , Mr. Huffman , Ms. Jacobs , Mr. Neal , Ms. Chu , Mr. Cleaver , Mr. Moulton , Ms. Garcia of Texas , Ms. Pingree , Mr. Davis of Illinois , Mr. Quigley , Mrs. Torres of California , Mr. Foster , Mr. Takano , Ms. DelBene , Mr. Hoyer , Mrs. Dingell , Ms. Omar , Ms. DeLauro , Mr. Mrvan , Ms. Bonamici , Mr. Schneider , Mr. Costa , Mr. Gomez , Mr. Carson , Mr. Moskowitz , Ms. Wilson of Florida , Ms. Waters , Mr. Magaziner , Mr. Fields , Mr. Carbajal , Mr. Garcia of California , Ms. Kelly of Illinois , Mr. Thompson of Mississippi , Ms. Dean of Pennsylvania , Mr. Tonko , Mr. Panetta , Ms. Ansari , Mr. DeSaulnier , Mr. Evans of Pennsylvania , Mr. Thanedar , Mr. Sherman , Mr. Pallone , Mr. Stanton , Mr. Khanna , Ms. McCollum , Ms. Brownley , Ms. Stansbury , Mr. Doggett , Mr. Courtney , Ms. DeGette , Mr. Veasey , Ms. McClellan , Ms. Matsui , Mr. Torres of New York , Ms. Barragán , Ms. Wasserman Schultz , Mr. Nadler , Mr. McGarvey , and Mr. Amo ) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary A BILLTo amend the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993 to protect civil rights and otherwise prevent meaningful harm to third parties, and for other purposes.1.Short titleThis Act may be cited as the Do No Harm Act .2.Exception from application of act where Federal law prevents harm to othersSection 3 of the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993 ( 42 U.S.C. 2000bb–1 ) is amended by adding at the end the following:(d)Additional exception from application of Act where Federal law prevents harm to othersSubsections (a), (b), and (c) do not apply to—(1)any provision of law or its implementation that provides for or requires—(A)a protection against discrimination or the promotion of equal opportunity, including the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ( 42 U.S.C. 2000a et seq. ), the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ( 42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq. ), the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 ( 29 U.S.C. 2601 et seq. ), and the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 ( 42 U.S.C. 13925 et seq. );(B)an employer to provide a wage, other compensation, or a benefit, including leave, or a standard protecting collective activity in the workplace;(C)a protection against child labor, child abuse, or child exploitation; or(D)access to, information about, a referral for, provision of, or coverage for, any health care item or service;(2)any term of a government contract, grant, cooperative agreement, or other award, that provides funds directly or indirectly, and that requires a good, service, function, or activity to be performed for or provided to a beneficiary of or a participant in a program or activity funded, directly or indirectly, by a government contract, grant, cooperative agreement, or other award; or(3)the extent that application would result in denying a person the full and equal enjoyment of a good, service, benefit, facility, privilege, advantage, or accommodation provided by the government..3.Clarification of preclusion of litigation between private parties(a)PurposeThe purpose of the amendment made by subsection (b) is to clarify the applicability of the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993 ( 42 U.S.C. 2000bb et seq. ).(b)PreclusionSection 3(c) of the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993 ( 42 U.S.C. 2000bb–1(c) ) is amended, in the first sentence, by striking judicial proceeding and all that follows through the first period and inserting judicial proceeding to which a government is a party and obtain appropriate relief against that government. .
Tracker
The tracker indicates the progress of this legislation as it moves through the legislative process.
- Introduced2025-03-06
- Passed House
- Passed Senate
- Conference
- To President
- Became Law
To amend the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993 to protect civil rights and otherwise prevent meaningful harm to third parties, and for other purposes.
Sponsors
Rep. Robert Scott (D) sponsors H.R. 1954, and 123 members have co-sponsored it, 77 of them from the day it was introduced.

Rep. · D–VA-3 · Sponsor
Introduced Mar 6, 2025

Rep. · D–DC-0 · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 6, 2025 · Original

Rep. · D–RI-1 · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 6, 2025 · Original

Rep. · D–AZ-3 · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 6, 2025 · Original

Rep. · D–CA-44 · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 6, 2025 · Original

Rep. · D–OR-1 · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 6, 2025 · Original

Rep. · D–CA-26 · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 6, 2025 · Original

Rep. · D–CA-24 · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 6, 2025 · Original

Rep. · D–IN-7 · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 6, 2025 · Original

Rep. · D–FL-20 · Co-sponsor
Joined Mar 6, 2025 · Original
Committees
H.R. 1954 went before 1 committee: Judiciary.
Actions
H.R. 1954 has taken 2 actions since Mar 6, 2025.
| Chamber | Action | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar 6, 2025 | House | Introduced in House | ||
Mar 6, 2025 | House | Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.Judiciary Committee |
Votes
H.R. 1954 has not gone to a roll call.
Related bills
1 bill is related to H.R. 1954.
Titles
H.R. 1954 goes by 3 titles, 1 of them short titles.
- Do No Harm Act — Display Title
- Do No Harm Act — Short Title(s) as Introduced
- To amend the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993 to protect civil rights and otherwise prevent meaningful harm to third parties, and for other purposes. — Official Title as Introduced
Lobbying
5 clients hired 5 firms and 24 registered lobbyists who named H.R. 1954 in 22 quarterly filings, 2025 to 2026. Reported under the Lobbying Disclosure Act; a filing’s income covers everything its registrant worked that quarter, so the amounts below are the filings’, not this bill’s.
Filed under Civil Rights/Civil Liberties, Education, Family issues/Abortion/Adoption, Defense, Foreign Relations, Immigration, Government Issues, Health Issues.
Clients
Who paid to be heard, by how many filings named the bill.
| Client | Business | State | Firms | Filings | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 6 | — |
| HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 6 | — |
| AMERICANS UNITED FOR SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 5 | — |
| NATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 4 | — |
| CENTER FOR REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | — | New York | 1 | 1 | — |
Firms
Registrants who filed on the bill, by filings.
| Registrant | Clients | Filings | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|
| AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION | 1 | 6 | — |
| HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN | 1 | 6 | — |
| AMERICANS UNITED FOR SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE | 1 | 5 | — |
| NATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN | 1 | 4 | — |
| CENTER FOR REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | 1 | 1 | — |
Lobbyists
Named on the filings that cite the bill. The 20 named most often, of 24.
| Lobbyist | Firms | Clients | Filings |
|---|---|---|---|
| CHRISTOPHER ANDERS | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| DAVID STACY | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| ELLEN FLENNIKEN | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| JENNIFER BAILEY | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| KEYARMIN HAMADANCHY | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| KIMBERLY CONWAY | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| MADISON ROBERTS | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| MATTHEW ROSE | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| NAUREEN SHAH | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| NINA PATEL | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| SARAH MEHTA | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| TARA PALMER STUTSMAN | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| VANIA LEVEILLE | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| ALESSANDRO TERENZONI | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| DENA SHER | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| ALEX LEHMAN | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| DARCY HIRSH | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| JODY RABHAN | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| KATE VOIGT | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| TALYA STEINBERG | 1 | 1 | 4 |
Filings
The documents themselves, on the Senate’s Lobbying Disclosure site, largest reported first.
| Client | Registrant | Period | Reported | Document |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION | AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION | 2026 first_quarter | $720K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION | AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION | 2026 second_quarter | $670K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION | AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION | 2025 second_quarter | $640K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION | AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION | 2025 first_quarter | $560K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION | AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION | 2025 fourth_quarter | $520K | 4th Quarter - Report |
| AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION | AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION | 2025 third_quarter | $400K | 3rd Quarter - Report |
| HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN | HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN | 2026 second_quarter | $223.7K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN | HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN | 2025 fourth_quarter | $216.2K | 4th Quarter - Report |
| HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN | HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN | 2025 second_quarter | $204K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN | HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN | 2025 first_quarter | $193.9K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN | HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN | 2026 first_quarter | $174.3K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN | HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN | 2025 third_quarter | $155.6K | 3rd Quarter - Report |
| AMERICANS UNITED FOR SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE | AMERICANS UNITED FOR SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE | 2026 first_quarter | $100K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| AMERICANS UNITED FOR SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE | AMERICANS UNITED FOR SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE | 2025 first_quarter | $100K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| AMERICANS UNITED FOR SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE | AMERICANS UNITED FOR SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE | 2025 third_quarter | $90K | 3rd Quarter - Report |
| CENTER FOR REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | CENTER FOR REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | 2025 first_quarter | $90K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| AMERICANS UNITED FOR SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE | AMERICANS UNITED FOR SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE | 2025 second_quarter | $88K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| AMERICANS UNITED FOR SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE | AMERICANS UNITED FOR SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE | 2026 second_quarter | $80K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| NATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN | NATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN | 2025 fourth_quarter | $10K | 4th Quarter - Report |
| NATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN | NATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN | 2025 third_quarter | $10K | 3rd Quarter - Report |
Classification
The Congressional Research Service files H.R. 1954 under Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues, one of its 31 policy areas.
CRS Subjects
CRS assigns every bill one policy area from its 31; H.R. 1954’s is Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues.
hr1954/policy-areas.txtConstitutional authority
The clause the sponsor cites as Congress’s power to enact H.R. 1954, as entered in the Congressional Record.
[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 43 (Thursday, March 6, 2025)][House]From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]By Mr. SCOTT of Virginia:H.R. 1954.Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuantto the following:Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuantto the following: Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution ofthe United States.[Page H1040]
Source: congress.gov · legiscan.com
