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S. 448
U.S. Senate•In Senate Committee
Summary
S. 448, the CIRCUIT Act, was introduced in the Senate on Feb 6, 2025 by Sen. Jerry Moran (R) with 1 co-sponsor. It was referred to Finance, and last saw action on Feb 6, 2025: Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance.
Record
Text
S. 448 has 1 co-sponsor.
sb448/introduced-in-senate.txt119 S448 IS: Credit Incentives for Resilient Critical Utility Infrastructure and Transformers ActU.S. Senate2025-02-06text/xmlENPursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.II 119th CONGRESS 1st Session S. 448 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES February 6 (legislative day, February 5), 2025 Mr. Moran (for himself and Ms. Cortez Masto ) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance A BILLTo amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to expand the advanced manufacturing production credit to include distribution transformers.1.Short titleThis Act may be cited as the Credit Incentives for Resilient Critical Utility Infrastructure and Transformers Act or the CIRCUIT Act .2.Expansion of advanced manufacturing production credit to include distribution transformers(a)In generalSection 45X of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended—(1)in subsection (b)(1)—(A)in subparagraph (L)(ii), by striking and at the end,(B)in subparagraph (M), by striking the period at the end and inserting , and , and(C)by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:(N)in the case of any distribution transformer, an amount equal to 10 percent of the costs incurred by the taxpayer with respect to production of such transformer., and(2)in subsection (c)—(A)in paragraph (1)(A)—(i)in clause (iv), by striking and at the end,(ii)in clause (v), by striking the period at the end and inserting , and , and(iii)by adding at the end the following new clause:(vi)any distribution transformer., and(B)by adding at the end the following new paragraph:(7)Distribution transformerThe term distribution transformer has the same meaning given such term under section 321(35) of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act ( 42 U.S.C. 6291(35) )..(b)Effective dateThe amendments made by this section shall apply to components produced and sold after the date which is 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act.
Tracker
The tracker indicates the progress of this legislation as it moves through the legislative process.
- Introduced2025-02-06
- Passed Senate
- Passed House
- Conference
- To President
- Became Law
CRS Summary
The summaries are the Congressional Research Service’s, one per stage. Read them in full.
Introduced in Senate Feb 6, 2025
sb448/introduced-in-senate.mdShown Here:
Introduced in Senate (02/06/2025)
Credit Incentives for Resilient Critical Utility Infrastructure and Transformers Act or the CIRCUIT Act
This bill expands the advanced manufacturing production tax credit to include up to 10% of the cost to produce transformers that have an input voltage of 34.5 kilovolts or less, have an output voltage of 600 volts or less, and are rated for operation at a frequency of 60 hertz (i.e., distribution transformers).
As background, the advanced manufacturing production tax credit (part of the general business tax credit) allows a tax credit for certain component parts (e.g., battery cells, solar modules, and inverters) and critical minerals (e.g., aluminum, lithium, and nickel) that are produced in the United States or a U.S. possession and sold generally to an unrelated third party for use in clean energy equipment. (Some exceptions apply.)
Sponsors
Sen. Jerry Moran (R) sponsors S. 448, and 1 member has co-sponsored it from the day it was introduced.
Committees
S. 448 went before 1 committee: Finance.
Actions
S. 448 has taken 2 actions since Feb 6, 2025.
| Chamber | Action | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Feb 6, 2025 | Senate | Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance.Finance Committee | ||
Feb 6, 2025 | — | Introduced in Senate |
Votes
S. 448 has not gone to a roll call.
Related bills
1 bill is related to S. 448, as Identical bill.
Titles
S. 448 goes by 4 titles, 2 of them short titles.
- CIRCUIT Act — Display Title
- CIRCUIT Act — Short Title(s) as Introduced
- Credit Incentives for Resilient Critical Utility Infrastructure and Transformers Act — Short Title(s) as Introduced
- A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to expand the advanced manufacturing production credit to include distribution transformers. — Official Title as Introduced
Lobbying
29 clients hired 28 firms and 103 registered lobbyists who named S. 448 in 133 quarterly filings, 2025 to 2026. Reported under the Lobbying Disclosure Act; a filing’s income covers everything its registrant worked that quarter, so the amounts below are the filings’, not this bill’s.
Filed under Energy/Nuclear, Taxation/Internal Revenue Code, Budget/Appropriations, Environment/Superfund, Transportation, Homeland Security, Telecommunications, Trade (domestic/foreign).
Clients
Who paid to be heard, by how many filings named the bill. The 20 that filed most often, of 29.
| Client | Business | State | Firms | Filings | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE | General business - investor owned electric utilities | District of Columbia | 3 | 13 | $410K |
| NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION | Trade association of electrical equipment manufacturers | Virginia | 3 | 10 | $550K |
| PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC | — | Oregon | 1 | 7 | — |
| NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (NEMA) | NEMA is a trade assoc. representing electrical equipment and medical imaging manufacturers | Virginia | 1 | 6 | $260K |
| NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTORS | Association representing electrical parts distributors and manufacturers | Missouri | 1 | 6 | $120K |
| CMS ENERGY CORP | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 6 | — |
| DATA CENTER COALITION | Trade Association | Virginia | 1 | 6 | — |
| FIRSTENERGY CORP | — | Ohio | 1 | 6 | — |
| NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTORS, INC. | — | Missouri | 1 | 6 | — |
| XCEL ENERGY INC | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 6 | — |
| HITACHI ENERGY USA INC. | Technology manufacturer | North Carolina | 1 | 5 | $160K |
| AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY, INC. AND AFFILIATED CORPORATIONS | — | District of Columbia | 1 | 5 | — |
| CLEVELAND-CLIFFS INC | Cleveland-Cliffs Inc. is a producer of differentiated iron ore and steel products. | Ohio | 1 | 5 | — |
| PADRON CIGARS | Hand-crafted cigar manufacturer | Florida | 1 | 4 | $240K |
| HITACHI ENERGY USA INC | — | North Carolina | 1 | 4 | — |
| OPEN SPACE INSTITUTE, INC. | — | New York | 1 | 4 | — |
| PUGET SOUND ENERGY | — | Washington | 1 | 4 | — |
| SACRAMENTO MUNICIPAL UTILITY DISTRICT | Non-profit electric utility firm | California | 1 | 3 | $270K |
| TENNESSEE VALLEY PUBLIC POWER ASSOCIATION | Non-profit regional service electric utility firm | Tennessee | 1 | 3 | $120K |
| UTAH ASSOCIATED MUNICIPAL POWER SYSTEMS | Public power firm | Utah | 1 | 3 | $70K |
Firms
Registrants who filed on the bill, by filings.
| Registrant | Clients | Filings | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|
| MEGUIRE WHITNEY | 5 | 15 | $580K |
| LOT SIXTEEN LLC | 2 | 11 | $420K |
| PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC | 1 | 7 | — |
| CMS ENERGY CORP | 1 | 6 | — |
| DATA CENTER COALITION | 1 | 6 | — |
| EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE | 1 | 6 | — |
| FIRSTENERGY CORP | 1 | 6 | — |
| NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTORS, INC. | 1 | 6 | — |
| SCHOENING STRATEGIES | 1 | 6 | $120K |
| XCEL ENERGY, INC | 1 | 6 | — |
| AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY, INC. AND AFFILIATED CORPORATIONS | 1 | 5 | — |
| CLEVELAND-CLIFFS INC. | 1 | 5 | — |
| RIDGELINE ADVOCACY GROUP LLC | 1 | 5 | $450K |
| CAPITOL COUNSEL LLC | 1 | 4 | $320K |
| HITACHI ENERGY USA INC | 1 | 4 | — |
| KING & SPALDING LLP | 1 | 4 | $240K |
| OPEN SPACE INSTITUTE, INC. | 1 | 4 | — |
| PUGET SOUND ENERGY | 1 | 4 | — |
| IQOM STRATEGIC ADVISORS, LLC | 1 | 3 | $30K |
| MISSY EDWARDS STRATEGIES, LLC | 1 | 3 | $90K |
Lobbyists
Named on the filings that cite the bill. The 20 named most often, of 103.
| Lobbyist | Firms | Clients | Filings |
|---|---|---|---|
| ELIZABETH WHITNEY | 1 | 5 | 15 |
| EMILY PETERSON | 1 | 5 | 15 |
| JOY GREWATZ | 1 | 5 | 15 |
| RYAN SEROTE | 1 | 5 | 15 |
| JOSEPH EAVES | 1 | 2 | 11 |
| JAMIE PAINTER | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| ANDREW CONLIN | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| CHARLES JACKSON | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| DAVID DEFLAVIIS | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| EDWARD ORLET | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| ERIC GREY | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| GABRIEL TERRY | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| KRISTEN SIEGELE | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| LEE KWAME CANTY | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| LINDSAY BISCARDI | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| MARTIN DOERN | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| MARY ZIMPRICH | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| NICHOLAS JACKSON | 2 | 2 | 6 |
| PALMER SCHOENING | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| STEPHEN PLEVNIAK | 1 | 1 | 6 |
Filings
The documents themselves, on the Senate’s Lobbying Disclosure site, largest reported first.
| Client | Registrant | Period | Reported | Document |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE | EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE | 2025 first_quarter | $3.1M | 1st Quarter - Report |
| EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE | EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE | 2026 first_quarter | $2.6M | 1st Quarter - Amendme… |
| EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE | EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE | 2025 fourth_quarter | $2.3M | 4th Quarter - Report |
| EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE | EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE | 2025 second_quarter | $2M | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE | EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE | 2025 third_quarter | $2M | 3rd Quarter - Report |
| EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE | EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE | 2026 second_quarter | $1.7M | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY, INC. AND AFFILIATED CORPORATIONS | AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY, INC. AND AFFILIATED CORPORATIONS | 2026 first_quarter | $1.2M | 1st Quarter - Report |
| NATIONAL RURAL ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION (NRECA) | NATIONAL RURAL ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION (NRECA) | 2025 second_quarter | $1.2M | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY, INC. AND AFFILIATED CORPORATIONS | AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY, INC. AND AFFILIATED CORPORATIONS | 2025 first_quarter | $1M | 1st Quarter - Amendme… |
| XCEL ENERGY INC | XCEL ENERGY, INC | 2026 first_quarter | $960K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| XCEL ENERGY INC | XCEL ENERGY, INC | 2025 first_quarter | $890K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| NATIONAL RURAL ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION (NRECA) | NATIONAL RURAL ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION (NRECA) | 2025 first_quarter | $881.7K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION | NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION | 2026 second_quarter | $650K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION | NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION | 2026 first_quarter | $640K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| FIRSTENERGY CORP | FIRSTENERGY CORP | 2026 first_quarter | $620K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| XCEL ENERGY INC | XCEL ENERGY, INC | 2025 second_quarter | $560K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| FIRSTENERGY CORP | FIRSTENERGY CORP | 2025 first_quarter | $550K | 1st Quarter - Report |
| AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY, INC. AND AFFILIATED CORPORATIONS | AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY, INC. AND AFFILIATED CORPORATIONS | 2025 second_quarter | $535K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
| NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION | NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION | 2025 fourth_quarter | $515K | 4th Quarter - Report |
| DATA CENTER COALITION | DATA CENTER COALITION | 2026 second_quarter | $480K | 2nd Quarter - Report |
Classification
The Congressional Research Service files S. 448 under Taxation, one of its 31 policy areas.
CRS Subjects
CRS assigns every bill one policy area from its 31; S. 448’s is Taxation.
s448/policy-areas.txtSource: congress.gov · legiscan.com
