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H.R. 165

U.S. HousePassed

Summary

H.R. 165, the Wounded Knee Massacre Memorial and Sacred Site Act, was introduced in the House on Jan 3, 2025 by Rep. Dusty Johnson (R). It last saw action on Dec 19, 2025: Became Public Law No: 119-61. It is now Public Law 119-61.


Record

Text

H.R. 165 has 1 roll call.

hb165/engrossed-in-house.txt
119 HR 165 EH: Wounded Knee Massacre Memorial and Sacred Site Act
U.S. House of Representatives
text/xml
EN
Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
I
119th CONGRESS 1st Session
H. R. 165
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
AN ACT
To direct the Secretary of the Interior to complete all actions necessary for certain land to be held in restricted fee status by the Oglala Sioux Tribe and Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, and for other purposes.
1.
Short title
This Act may be cited as the Wounded Knee Massacre Memorial and Sacred Site Act .
2.
Definitions
In this Act:
(1)
Restricted fee status
The term restricted fee status means a status in which the Tribal land—
(A)
shall continue to be owned by the Tribes;
(B)
shall be part of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation and expressly made subject to the civil and criminal jurisdiction of the Oglala Sioux Tribe;
(C)
shall not be transferred without the consent of Congress and the Tribes;
(D)
shall not be subject to taxation by a State or local government; and
(E)
shall not be subject to any provision of law providing for the review or approval by the Secretary of the Interior before the Tribes may use the land for any purpose as allowed by the document titled Covenant Between the Oglala Sioux Tribe and the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe and dated October 21, 2022, directly, or through agreement with another party.
(2)
Secretary
The term Secretary means the Secretary of the Interior.
(3)
Tribal land
The term Tribal land means the approximately 40 acres (including the surface and subsurface estate, and mineral estate, and any and all improvements, structures, and personal property on those acres) on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in Oglala Lakota County, at Rural County Road 4, Wounded Knee, South Dakota, and generally depicted as Area of Interest on the map entitled Wounded Knee Sacred Site and Memorial Land and dated October 26, 2022, which is a segment of the December 29, 1890, Wounded Knee Massacre site.
(4)
Tribes
The term Tribes means the Oglala Sioux Tribe and Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe of the Cheyenne River Reservation, both tribes being among the constituent tribes of the Great Sioux Nation and signatories to the Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868 between the United States of America and the Great Sioux Nation, 15 Stat. 635.
3.
Land held in restricted fee status by the Tribes
(a)
Action by secretary
Not later than 365 days after enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall—
(1)
complete all actions, including documentation and minor corrections to the survey and legal description of Tribal land, necessary for the Tribal land to be held by the Tribes in restricted fee status; and
(2)
appropriately assign each applicable private and municipal utility and service right or agreement with regard to the Tribal land.
(b)
Conditions
(1)
Federal laws relating to Indian land
Except as otherwise provided in this Act, the Tribal land shall be subject to Federal laws relating to Indian country, as defined by section 1151 of title 18, United States Code and protected by the restriction against alienation in section 177 of title 25, United States Code.
(2)
Use of land
The Tribal land shall be used for the purposes allowed by the document titled Covenant Between the Oglala Sioux Tribe and the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe and dated October 21, 2022.
(3)
Encumbrances and agreements
The Tribal land shall remain subject to any private or municipal encumbrance, right-of-way, restriction, easement of record, or utility service agreement in effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.
(4)
Gaming
Pursuant to the document titled Covenant Between the Oglala Sioux Tribe and the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe and dated October 21, 2022, the Tribal land shall not be used for gaming activity under the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act ( 25 U.S.C. 2701 et seq. ).
Passed the House of Representatives January 22, 2025. Kevin F. McCumber, Clerk.

Tracker

The tracker indicates the progress of this legislation as it moves through the legislative process.

  1. Introduced2025-01-03
  2. Passed House2025-01-22
  3. Passed Senate2025-12-11
  4. Conference
  5. To President2025-12-18
  6. Became Law2025-12-19

CRS Summary

The summaries are the Congressional Research Service’s, one per stage. Read them in full.

Public Law Dec 19, 2025

hb165/public-law.md

Shown Here:
Public Law (12/19/2025)

Wounded Knee Massacre Memorial and Sacred Site Act

This act directs the Department of the Interior to complete all actions necessary to place approximately 40 acres of land in Oglala Lakota County, South Dakota, into restricted fee status for the Oglala Sioux Tribe and the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe. Restricted fee status refers to land that is owned by a tribe or tribal member but is subject to restrictions by the United States against alienation (i.e., sale or transfer) or encumbrance (e.g., liens, leases, or rights-of-way) by operation of law.

The act requires the land to be held and maintained as a memorial and sacred site, as outlined by the document titled Covenant Between the Oglala Sioux Tribe and the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe and dated October 21, 2022. Further, it prohibits commercial development and gaming activity on the land.

Introduced in House Jan 3, 2025

hb165/introduced-in-house.md

Shown Here:
Introduced in House (01/03/2025)

Wounded Knee Massacre Memorial and Sacred Site Act

This bill directs the Department of the Interior to complete all actions necessary to place approximately 40 acres of land in Oglala Lakota County, South Dakota, into restricted fee status for the Oglala Sioux Tribe and the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe. Restricted fee status refers to land that is owned by a tribe or tribal member but is subject to restrictions by the United States against alienation (i.e., sale or transfer) or encumbrance (e.g., liens, leases, or rights-of-way) by operation of law.

The bill requires the land to be held and maintained as a memorial and sacred site, as outlined by the document titled Covenant Between the Oglala Sioux Tribe and the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe and dated October 21, 2022. Further, it prohibits commercial development and gaming activity on the land.

Sponsors

Rep. Dusty Johnson (R) sponsors H.R. 165 alone.

Committees

H.R. 165 went before 2 committees: Indian Affairs and Natural Resources.

Indian Affairs
Indian Affairs
Reported By · Oct 2, 2025 · 49 Bills
Natural Resources
Natural Resources
Referred To · Jan 3, 2025 · 395 Bills

Reports

1 committee report has been filed on H.R. 165, the latest S. Rept. 119-72.

Actions

H.R. 165 has taken 20 actions since Jan 3, 2025, the latest on Dec 19, 2025.

ChamberAction
Dec 19, 2025
House
Signed by President.
Dec 19, 2025
House
Became Public Law No: 119-61.
Dec 18, 2025
House
Presented to President.
Dec 15, 2025
Senate
Message on Senate action sent to the House.
Dec 11, 2025
Senate
Passed Senate without amendment by Unanimous Consent. (consideration: CR S8685)

Votes

H.R. 165 went to 1 roll call in the House, the latest on Jan 22, 2025 at 4160.

ChamberQuestion
Yea
Nay
Jan 22, 2025
House
On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass
416
0

1 bill is related to H.R. 165, as Public law contains the text.

Titles

H.R. 165 goes by 8 titles, 5 of them short titles.

  • To direct the Secretary of the Interior to complete all actions necessary for certain land to be held in restricted fee status by the Oglala Sioux Tribe and Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, and for other purposes. — Official Titles from EH (Engrossed in House) bill text
  • Wounded Knee Massacre Memorial and Sacred Site Act — Short Titles from ENR (Enrolled) bill text
  • Wounded Knee Massacre Memorial and Sacred Site Act — Short Title(s) as Reported to Senate
  • Wounded Knee Massacre Memorial and Sacred Site Act — Short Title(s) as Introduced
  • To direct the Secretary of the Interior to complete all actions necessary for certain land to be held in restricted fee status by the Oglala Sioux Tribe and Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, and for other purposes. — Official Title as Introduced
  • Wounded Knee Massacre Memorial and Sacred Site Act — Short Titles from RFS (Referred to Senate) bill text
  • Wounded Knee Massacre Memorial and Sacred Site Act — Display Title
  • Wounded Knee Massacre Memorial and Sacred Site Act — Short Title(s) as Passed House

Cost estimate

The Congressional Budget Office has filed 1 estimate for H.R. 165, the latest on Apr 3, 2025.


Classification

The Congressional Research Service files H.R. 165 under Native Americans, one of its 31 policy areas, and gives it 5 legislative subjects.

CRS Subjects

CRS assigns every bill one policy area from its 31; H.R. 165’s is Native Americans.

hr165/policy-areas.txt
Native AmericansAgriculture and FoodAnimalsArmed Forces and National SecurityArts, Culture, ReligionCivil Rights and Liberties, Minority IssuesCommerceCongressCrime and Law EnforcementEconomics and Public FinanceEducationEmergency ManagementEnergyEnvironmental ProtectionFamiliesFinance and Financial SectorForeign Trade and International FinanceGovernment Operations and PoliticsHealthHousing and Community DevelopmentImmigrationInternational AffairsLabor and EmploymentLawPublic Lands and Natural ResourcesScience, Technology, CommunicationsSocial WelfareSports and RecreationTaxationTransportation and Public WorksWater Resources Development

Legislative Subjects

H.R. 165 carries 5 of CRS’s legislative subjects, from Federal-Indian relations to State and local taxation.

hr165/subjects.txt
Federal-Indian relationsIndian lands and resources rightsLand transfersSouth DakotaState and local taxation

Constitutional authority

The clause the sponsor cites as Congress’s power to enact H.R. 165, as entered in the Congressional Record.

[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 1 (Friday, January 3, 2025)][House]From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]By Mr. JOHNSON of South Dakota:H.R. 165.Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuantto the following:Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. ConstitutionThe single subject of this legislation is:To direct the Secretary of the Interior to complete allactions necessary for certain land to be held in restrictedfee status by the Oglala Sioxu Tribe and Cheyenne River SiouxTribe.[Page H41]

Source: congress.gov · legiscan.com